Section 18 == *more help*
Being an old-fashioned grammar lover, I've always found that "sentence organizers" are indispensable in figuring out how to say complex things (and often even simple ones too). Here's my own basic tool kit, pulled together over the years. It leans toward Urdu, but most of these constructions will work fine on the Hindi side too. It's in English alphabetical order, for no particular reason.
| aa;xir | Finally |
| ((aam :taur par / se | Usually |
| agar yih , to vuh | If this, then that |
| agarchih | Although |
| aisaa lagtaa hai , jaise | It seems as though |
| aisaa nah ho kih | May it not be the case that |
| aisii ko))ii baat nahii;N | No such thing! |
| aur kuchh | Something else (versus kuchh aur , more of the same) |
| baat yih hai kih | The thing is that... |
| bahar ;haal | In any case, |
| balkih | Rather; instead; on the contrary |
| bhale hii | No matter if |
| chaahe yih chaahe vuh | Whether this, or whether that |
| chaahe kitnaa hii | No matter how much |
| chunaa;Nchih | Accordingly |
| ;Dar hai kih kahii;N yih nah ho jaa))e | It is to be feared that this might happen |
| far.z kiyaa kih | Suppose that |
| goyaa | So to speak; as if |
| ;haalaa;Nkih yih , magar phir bhii vuh | Although this-- nevertheless that |
| har chand kih | Although; however much |
| hii | Especially; particularly; uniquely |
| ho saktaa hai kih | It’s possible that |
| isliye | Therefore |
| isliye kih | Because, since |
| jab yih tab vuh | When this, then that |
| jab bhii | Whenever |
| jab kih | Even though; while; despite the fact that |
| jab se | Ever since |
| jab tak | As long as |
| jahaa;N yih , vahaa;N vuh | Where this, there that |
| jahaa;N bhii | Wherever |
| jahaa;N tak kih | As far as; to the extent that |
| jaise yih , vaise vuh | In the way that this, in the same way that |
| jaise aap chaahe;N | As you wish |
| jaise hii | As soon as; the moment that |
| us / is jaise | Like that/this one |
| jaane diijiye , jaane do | Drop the subject; or: Let me pass through |
| jo bhii ho | In any case |
| jo --- , vuh --- | The one who... , that one ... |
| jyuu;N --- | Like a |
| jyuu;Nhii | As soon as |
| kaash kih | Oh, if only... ! |
| kahaa;N yih kahaa;N vuh | How can this and that possibly be compared! |
| kaahe ko | For what purpose? |
| ke ((alaavah | In addition to |
| ke anusaar | According to |
| ke baare me;N | About, pertaining to |
| ke baavujuud | Despite |
| ke badle me;N | In return/revenge for |
| ke ba;Gair | Without |
| ke / kii bajaa))e | Instead of |
| ke baraabar | Equal to; the same as |
| ke bar-;xilaaf | Contrary to |
| ke binaa | Without |
| ke hote hu))e bhii | Despite the existence/presence of |
| ke kaaran | Because of |
| ke li;haa:z se | With regard to |
| ke liye | For; in order to |
| ke maare | 'Stricken by' (unfavorable) |
| ke muqaabile me;N | In comparison to |
| ke mu:taabiq | According to |
| ke prakaar | In the manner of |
| ke saath | Along with |
| ke samaan | Equal to |
| ke sivaa | In addition to; beyond |
| ke vaas:te | For; with regard to |
| kih | ... that ... [the all-purpose clause- and dialogue-introducer] |
| kii badaulat | Thanks to (favorable) |
| kii jagah | In place of |
| kii ;Tara;h | In the manner/style of |
| kii vajah se | Because of |
| kisii ;had tak | To some extent |
| ko chho;R kar | Leaving aside; except for |
| us ko kyaa puuchhnaa | It/that is beyond all words |
| ko))ii baat nahii;N | It’s nothing; think nothing of it |
| kyuu;Nkar | How? |
| kyuu;Nkih | Because |
| lagtaa hai kih | It seems that |
| lekin | But |
| ma((luum hotaa hai kih | It appears that |
| maanaa kih | Granted that; suppose that |
| magar | But |
| meraa bas chaltaa to | If it were in my power, then (contrafactual) |
| meraa bas chale to | If it would be in my power, then (a future possibility) |
| merii balaa se | What the hell do I care if... ! |
| mere ;xiyaal se / me;N | In my opinion |
| mumkin / naa-mumkin hai kih | It's possible/impossible that |
| nah yih nah vuh | Neither this nor that (sometimes the first nah is colloquially omitted) |
| nahii;N to | Otherwise |
| na jaane | No telling |
| par | But |
| phir | Again; then |
| phir bhii | Nevertheless |
| us par | About that, |
| us par bhii | Despite that, |
| us se | From that, with that, by means of that |
| us se kyaa ma:tlab | What business is it of his/hers? |
| shaayad | Perhaps |
| so | Thus, therefore, accordingly |
| tabhii to | For that reason, therefore |
| taa kih | So that |
| to bhii | Even then; nevertheless |
| to kyaa hu))aa | So what? |
| ummiid hai kih | It is to be hoped that |
| varnah | Otherwise, |
| yaa yih yaa vuh | Either this or that |
| ya((nii | That is to say, |
| yahaa;N tak kih | To such an extent that |
| yih bhii aur vuh bhii | Both this and that |
| .zaruur | Definitely |
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